Tips Can't find the author's name or credentials? Video: Authority is Constructed and Contextual An information source's context--where it came from, its audience, format, and how it is used--help determine authority , appropriateness and relevance.
Students recognize that credibility may vary by context and information need. Students understand the importance of critically assessing a source's credibility. Students are able to identify how a credible source could be used for a particular need. What is a scholarly journal? Anatomy of a Scholarly Article, interactive tutorial. What Type of Periodical Is It? The term periodical refers to journals and magazines that are issued periodically. Scholarly academic or professional journals, popular general interest magazines and trade publications are all different types of periodicals.
The authority of the superior has no meaning unless it is accepted by the subordinates. Chester Bernard was of the view that it is the acceptance of authority which is more important. If the subordinates do not accept the orders of a superior there will be no use of exercising authority.
The subordinates may accept an order if they gain out of its acceptance or may lose out of its non acceptance. The acceptance theory, though supporting the behavioural approach to management, presents many problems in an organization.
It undermines the role of a manager in the organization. He may not be sure whether his orders will be accepted or not. He will know it only when his orders are actually executed. It means that orders flow from bottom to up. There is also a feeling that authority is generated by personal competence of a person.
A person may get his orders accepted not due to formal authority but because of his personal qualities. These qualities may be personal or technical.
The advice of some persons may be accepted even if they do not have a formal authority. They enjoy this authority by virtue of their intelligence, knowledge, skill and experience. The patient will get relief only if he obeys the doctor.
Similarly, we accept the diagnosis of a car mechanic without questioning it because of his competency for this work. So the knowledge or competency of a person gives him a status where his authority is accepted by others. The charismatic authority rests on the personal charisma of a leader who commands respect of his followers.
The personal traits such as good looks, intelligence, integrity influence others and people follow the dictates of their leaders because of such traits. The followers become attached to the leader because they feel that he will help them in achieving their goals.
The charismatic leaders are generally good orators and have hypnotic effect on their followers. The religious and political leaders come under this category. Ayatolla Khomani of Iran was an example of a religious leader on whose command people were ready to lay down their lives even John F.
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Think again. Remember that authors can be organizations or institutions. Consider the organizational affiliation of the author—respected organizations publish the work of respected authors!
What makes the author an "expert" in the field he or she is writing about? What are his or her qualifications? Does he or she have education or work experience in the field? Has he or she published anything else about the subject?
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